Objective: To systematically evaluate the efficacy of meloxicillin combined with azithromycin in the treatment of Streptococcus pneumoniae pneumonia in children. Methods: PubMed

EMBase

Web of Science

the Cochrane Library

CNKI

CBM

VIP and Wanfang database were retrieved to collect the randomized controlled trial (RCT) of meloxicillin combined with azithromycin in the treatment of S. pneumoniae pneumonia in children. Quality of the included literature was evaluated according to the Cochrane evaluation criteria. Meta-analysis was performed on the included literature by using RevMan 5.3 software. Results: Totally 6 RCT were extracted

including 560 children. Meta-analysis showed that the total effective rate of meloxicillin combined with azithromycin was better than that of meloxicillin alone (RR=1.27

95%CI from 1.13 to 1.42

P<0.000

1)

duration of fever (MD=-1.63

95%CI from -1.71 to -1.56

P<0.000

01)

disappearance time of cough (MD=-2.19

95%CI from -2.61 to -1.78

P<0.000

01)

disappearance time of lung rales (MD=-1.76

95%CI from -2.32 to -1.19

P<0.000

01)

disappearance time of X-ray manifestations (MD=-1.76

95%CI from -2.33 to -1.20

P<0.000

01) were shorter than those of meloxicillin alone

and the incidence of adverse drug reactions was lower than that of meloxicillin alone (RR=0.13

95%CI from 0.05 to 0.36)

with statistically significant difference (P<0.000

1). Conclusion: The efficacy of meloxicillin combined with azithromycin in the treatment of S. pneumoniae pneumonia in children is better than that of meloxicillin alone.